Chifukwa pulasitiki imakhala yopepuka, yolimba bwino, yosavuta kupanga.Ubwino wa mtengo wotsika, kotero m'makampani amakono ndi zinthu zatsiku ndi tsiku, kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mapulasitiki m'malo mwa galasi, makamaka m'makampani opanga zida zamagetsi ndi ma CD, kukukula kwambiri.Komabe, chifukwa cha kufunikira kwa kuwonekera bwino, kukana kwamphamvu kwambiri, komanso kulimba kwamphamvu, kapangidwe ka pulasitiki, njira yopangira jekeseni, zida.Nkhungu, etc., ndi kuchita ntchito zambiri kuonetsetsa kuti pulasitiki (pano amatchedwa mandala pulasitiki) ntchito m'malo galasi, pamwamba khalidwe ndi zabwino, kuti akwaniritse zofunika ntchito.
Mapulasitiki owonekera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamsika ndi polymethyl methacrylate (yomwe imadziwika kuti methacrylate kapena organic glass, code PMMA) ndi polycarbonate(code PC).Polyethylene terephthalate(code PET), nayiloni yowonekera.AS(acrylene-styrene copolymer), polysulfone(code name PSF), etc., zomwe timakumana nazo kwambiri ndi PMMA.Chifukwa cha malo ochepa a PC ndi PET mapulasitiki atatu, zotsatirazi zimatenga mapulasitiki atatuwa monga chitsanzo kuti akambirane za maonekedwe a mapulasitiki owonekera ndi njira zopangira jekeseni.
Kuchita kwa mapulasitiki owonekera
Mapulasitiki owonekera ayenera kukhala owonekera kwambiri poyamba, ndikutsatiridwa ndi mphamvu zinazake ndi kukana kuvala, amatha kukana kugwedezeka, mbali zosagwirizana ndi kutentha ndi zabwino, kukana kwa mankhwala ndikwabwino kwambiri, ndipo kuyamwa kwamadzi kumakhala kochepa.Ndi njira iyi yokha yomwe ingagwiritsire ntchito kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kuwonekera.Kusintha kwa nthawi yayitali.PC ndi chisankho chabwino, koma makamaka chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwa zipangizo zake zopangira komanso kuvuta kwa jekeseni, imagwiritsabe ntchito PMMA monga chisankho chachikulu (pazinthu zomwe zimafunikira), ndipo PPT iyenera kutambasulidwa kuti ipeze makina abwino. .Chifukwa chake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuyika ndi zotengera.
Mavuto wamba omwe ayenera kuzindikirika panthawi yobaya mapulasitiki owonekera
Chifukwa cha kuwala kwakukulu kwa mapulasitiki owonekera, n'zosapeŵeka kuti khalidwe lapamwamba la zinthu zapulasitiki likhale lolimba, ndipo pasakhale zolembera, stomata, ndi kuyera.Fog Halo, mawanga akuda, ma discoloration, kuwala koyipa ndi zolakwika zina, kotero munjira yonse yopangira jekeseni pazinthu zopangira, zida.Nkhungu, ngakhale kamangidwe ka mankhwala, ayenera kusamala kwambiri ndi kuika patsogolo okhwima kapena ngakhale wapadera zofunika.
Kachiwiri, chifukwa mapulasitiki mandala ndi mkulu kusungunuka mfundo ndi zamadzimadzi osauka, pofuna kuonetsetsa padziko khalidwe la mankhwala, nthawi zambiri kofunika kuti zosintha zazing'ono mu ndondomeko magawo monga kutentha mbiya, kuthamanga jekeseni, ndi liwiro la jekeseni. kuti pulasitiki ikhoza kudzazidwa ndi nkhungu.Sizimapanga kupsinjika kwamkati ndikuyambitsa kusinthika kwazinthu ndi kusweka.
Kwa zida ndi zofunika nkhungu, jekeseni akamaumba ndondomeko ndi yaiwisi processing wa mankhwala, kukambirana zinthu zimene ziyenera kudziŵika:
Kukonzekera ndi kuyanika kwa zipangizo chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa zonyansa zilizonse mu pulasitiki zingakhudze kuwonekera kwa mankhwala, motero kusungirako ndi kuyendetsa.
Pa nthawi yodyetsa, chidwi chiyenera kuperekedwa pa kusindikiza ndi kuonetsetsa kuti zopangira ndi zoyera.Makamaka, zopangira zimakhala ndi chinyezi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zopangira ziwonongeke pambuyo potentha.Chifukwa chake, iyenera kuumitsidwa, ndipo ikawumba, Hopper yowumitsa iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.Ndikofunikiranso kuzindikira kuti panthawi yowumitsa, mpweya wolowera uyenera kusefedwa ndikuchotsa chinyezi kuonetsetsa kuti sudzaipitsa zipangizo.
Kuyeretsa machubu, zomangira ndi zina
Pofuna kupewa kuipitsidwa kwa zinthu zopangira komanso kupezeka kwa zinthu zakale kapena zonyansa mu screw and accessories depressions, utomoni wosasunthika bwino wamafuta umakhalapo.Chifukwa chake, ma screw cleaner agents amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa zidutswazo musanagwiritse ntchito komanso pambuyo pozimitsa, kuti zisamamatire ku zonyansa., Pamene palibe screw clean agent, PE, PS ndi utomoni wina ungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyeretsa screw.
Pamene kutsekedwa kwakanthawi, pofuna kupewa zopangira kuti zisapitirire kutentha kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali ndikupangitsa kutsika, kutentha kwa chowumitsa ndi mbiya kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, monga kutentha kwa PC, PMMA ndi machubu ena. kuyenera kuchepetsedwa mpaka 160 ° C.(Kutentha kwa Hopper kuyenera kukhala pansi pa 100 ° C kwa PC)
Mavuto pamapangidwe akufa (kuphatikiza kapangidwe kazinthu).
Pofuna kupewa kuoneka kwa kuchepa kwa msana, kapena kuzizira kosagwirizana komwe kumapangitsa kuti pulasitiki isapangidwe bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwonongeka komanso kuwonongeka.
Nthawi zambiri mu nkhungu mapangidwe, ayenera kulabadira mfundo zotsatirazi:
Makulidwe a khoma ayenera kukhala ofanana momwe angathere, otsetsereka akuyenera kukhala aakulu mokwanira;
Chigawo chosinthira chiyenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono.Kusintha kosalala kuti mupewe ngodya zakuthwa.M'mphepete lakuthwa, makamaka zinthu za PC siziyenera kukhala ndi mipata;
Chipata.Njirayo iyenera kukhala yotakata komanso yayifupi momwe ingathere, ndipo malo olowera pachipata akhazikitsidwe molingana ndi kachulukidwe ka shrinkage.Ngati ndi kotheka, chitsime chozizira chiyenera kuwonjezeredwa;
Pamwamba pa nkhungu ayenera kukhala yosalala ndi otsika roughness (makamaka zosakwana 0,8);
Kutopa.Tanki iyenera kukhala yokwanira kutulutsa mpweya ndi gasi mu kusungunuka mu nthawi yake;
Kupatula PET, makulidwe a khoma sayenera kukhala owonda kwambiri, nthawi zambiri osachepera lmm;
Nkhani Zoyenera Kudziwa mu Jakisoni (kuphatikiza zofunikira pamakina omangira jakisoni).
Kuti muchepetse kupsinjika kwamkati ndi zolakwika zamtundu wa pamwamba, ziyenera kutsatiridwa pazinthu izi pobaya jakisoni:
Makina omangira jekeseni okhala ndi wononga zapadera komanso nozzle yowongolera kutentha iyenera kusankhidwa;
Kutentha kwa jekeseni kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu chifukwa chakuti utomoni wapulasitiki suwola;
Kuthamanga kwa jekeseni: Nthawi zambiri, kuti mugonjetse chilema cha kusungunuka kwakukulu kwa kusungunuka, koma kupanikizika kwakukulu kumabweretsa kupsinjika kwamkati komwe kumabweretsa zovuta zowonongeka ndi kupunduka;
Kuthamanga kwa jekeseni: Pankhani yokhutiritsa yodzaza, nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika, makamaka jekeseni wapang'onopang'ono-wapang'onopang'ono;
Nthawi yogwira mwamphamvu komanso nthawi yopangira: Pankhani yokhutiritsa kudzaza kwazinthu, palibe kukhumudwa kapena thovu lomwe limapangidwa;Ziyenera kukhala zazifupi momwe zingathere kuti muchepetse nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa fuseji;
Kuthamanga kwa screw ndi kupsinjika kwa msana: pansi pazifukwa zokhutiritsa mtundu wapulasitiki, ziyenera kukhala zochepa momwe zingathere kuti zisawonongeke;
Kutentha kwa imfa: Kuzizira kwa chinthucho ndi chabwino kapena choipa, ndipo kumakhudza kwambiri khalidwe lake.Choncho, kutentha kwa kufa kuyenera kuwongolera molondola ndondomekoyi.Ngati n'kotheka, kutentha kwa nkhungu kukhale kokwera.
Zina
Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa khalidwe lapamwamba, kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zowonongeka ndizochepa kwambiri popanga;Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito, zinthu zakumbuyo siziyenera kupitirira 20.
Pazinthu zina osati PET, kukonzanso kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti athetse kupsinjika kwamkati, PMMA iyenera kuuma pa 70-80 ° C kwa maola 4;PC ayenera kukhala mu mpweya woyera, glycerin.Parafini yamadzimadzi imatenthedwa pa 110-135 ° C, kutengera mankhwala, ndipo imatenga maola 10.PET imayenera kudutsa njira ziwiri zotambasula kuti igwire bwino pamakina.
III.Jekeseni akamaumba ndondomeko mandala mapulasitiki
Makhalidwe a ndondomeko ya mapulasitiki owonekera
Kuphatikiza pazovuta zomwe zili pamwambapa, mapulasitiki owonekera alinso ndi machitidwe ena, omwe akufotokozedwa pansipa:
1. Makhalidwe a ndondomeko ya PMMA
PMMA ili ndi mamasukidwe akulu komanso kuchepa pang'ono kwamadzimadzi.Chifukwa chake, iyenera kubayidwa ndi kutentha kwakuthupi komanso kuthamanga kwa jekeseni.Zotsatira za kutentha kwa jekeseni ndizokulirapo kuposa kuthamanga kwa jekeseni, koma kuthamanga kwa jekeseni kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chiwerengero cha shrinkage chiwonjezeke.
Mtundu wa kutentha kwa jakisoni ndi waukulu, kutentha kosungunuka ndi 160 ° C, ndi kutentha kwa 270 ° C.Choncho, zinthu kutentha malamulo osiyanasiyana ndi lonse ndipo ndondomeko ndi zabwino.Chifukwa chake, kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa madzi kumayamba ndi kutentha kwa jekeseni.Zotsatira zake ndi osauka, kuvala kukana si zabwino, zosavuta kudula maluwa, zosavuta ming'alu, choncho ayenera kukweza nkhungu kutentha, kusintha ndondomeko condensation, kuthana ndi zolakwika izi.
2. PC ndondomeko makhalidwe
PC ili ndi mamasukidwe akulu akulu, kutentha kwambiri kusungunuka, komanso kusayenda bwino kwamadzi.Choncho, iyenera kupangidwa pa kutentha kwakukulu (pakati pa 270 ndi 320 ° C).Mitundu yoyendetsera kutentha kwa zinthu ndi yopapatiza ndipo njira yake si yabwino ngati PMMA.Kuthamanga kwa jekeseni kumakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa pa fluidity, koma chifukwa cha kukhuthala kwakukulu, kumafunikabe kubaya kuthamanga.Pofuna kupewa kupsinjika kwamkati, nthawi yogwira iyenera kukhala yayifupi momwe mungathere.
Mlingo wa shrinkage ndi waukulu ndipo kukula kwake kumakhala kokhazikika, koma kupsinjika kwa mkati mwa mankhwalawa ndi kwakukulu ndipo n'kosavuta kusweka.Choncho, m'pofunika kusintha madzimadzi powonjezera kutentha m'malo mopanikizika, komanso kuchepetsa mwayi wosweka mwa kuwonjezera kutentha kwa nkhungu, kuwongolera mawonekedwe a nkhungu ndi chithandizo cham'mbuyo.Liwiro la jekeseni likachepa, ma dips amatha kuphulika ndi zolakwika zina.Kutentha kwapakamwa kwa radiation kuyenera kuwongoleredwa padera, kutentha kwa nkhungu kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu, ndipo njira yolowera ndi kukana kwa chipata kuyenera kukhala kocheperako.
3. Makhalidwe a ndondomeko ya PET
Kutentha kwa PET ndikwambiri, ndipo kuwongolera kutentha kwazinthu kumakhala kocheperako (260-300 ° C), koma kusungunuka, madzimadzi amakhala abwino, motero njirayo ndi yoyipa, ndipo chipangizo chotsutsa-ductile nthawi zambiri chimawonjezedwa pamphuno. .Mphamvu zamakina ndi magwiridwe antchito pambuyo pa jekeseni sizokwera, ziyenera kukhala kudzera munjira yokhazikika komanso kusinthidwa kuti mugwire bwino ntchito.
Die kutentha ulamuliro molondola, ndi kupewa warping.Choncho, Ndi bwino ntchito otentha njira kufa.Kutentha kwa nkhungu kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu, mwinamwake kungayambitse kusiyana kwa gloss pamwamba ndi zovuta zowonongeka.
Zowonongeka ndi njira zothetsera mapulasitiki owonekera
Mwina pali zolakwika izi:
Mizere yasiliva
Chifukwa cha mphamvu ya Anisotropy ya kupsinjika kwamkati mkati mwa kudzazidwa ndi condensation, kupsinjika komwe kumapangidwa molunjika kumapangitsa kuti utomoni uyende mozungulira, pomwe mawonekedwe osayenda amatulutsa index yosiyana ya refractive ndikupanga mizere ya silika yonyezimira.Ikakulitsa, Zitha kuyambitsa ming'alu muzinthu.Kuwonjezera jekeseni ndondomeko ndi nkhungu chidwi, yabwino mankhwala annealing mankhwala.Ngati zinthu za PC zitha kutenthedwa pamwamba pa 160 ° C kwa mphindi 3-5, zitha kukhazikika mwachilengedwe.
Bambo
Mpweya wamadzi ndi mpweya wina womwe umakhala makamaka mu utomoni sungathe kutulutsidwa, (panthawi ya kufa condensation) kapena chifukwa chosakwanira kudzaza, malo a condensation amakhala othamanga kwambiri ndipo amakhazikika kuti apange vacuum thovu.
Kuwala kosawoneka bwino
Chifukwa chachikulu ndikuti roughness ya nkhungu ndi yayikulu, ndipo kumbali ina, condensation ndi yoyambirira kwambiri kuti utomoni usathe kutengera pamwamba pa nkhungu.Zonsezi zimapangitsa pamwamba pa nkhungu kukhala yosafanana pang'ono ndipo zimapangitsa kuti mankhwalawa awonongeke.
Chitsanzo chododometsa
Zimatanthawuza zowawa kwambiri zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera pachipata cholunjika.Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwa kusungunula, zinthu zakutsogolo zakhala zikulumikizidwa pabowo, ndipo pambuyo pake zinthuzo zidadutsa pamwamba pa condensation iyi, ndikupangitsa kuti pamwamba pawoneke.
White chifunga Halo
Zimayamba makamaka chifukwa cha fumbi lomwe limagwera muzinthu zopangira mlengalenga kapena zomwe zili muzinthuzo zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri.
Utsi woyera wakuda mawanga
Makamaka chifukwa cha pulasitiki mu mbiya, chifukwa kutenthedwa m'deralo chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kapena kuwonongeka kwa mbiya utomoni ndipo anapanga.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-23-2020